Omega-3 These hens are fed a diet including extra omega-3 fatty acids, featuring ingredients such as flax seeds or fish oil. While all eggs are rich in the omega 3 fatty acid DHA, eggs from hens fed an omega 3-rich diet will have even more.

Free-Run Hens move freely on a barn floor area but do not necessarily have access to the outdoors. Food, water and nest areas are made available throughout the barn, and in some cases, perches and tiered aviary systems are available as well. Free-run hen populations are regulated to limit crowding.

Free-Range Hens are housed in a barn setting similar to those of free-run hens. Additionally, free range hens enjoy regular access to the outdoors, and must be guaranteed a certain number of outside hours daily and annually. Free-range hens are fed grains but also have the opportunity to hunt and forage for their own food outside.

Non-GMO Hens are given feed guaranteed to be free of genetically modified organisms. Note that non-GMO does not necessarily mean organic.

Certified Organic Hens are housed in a barn setting. Not only must they be given daily outdoor access to a pen or pasture area, but they must remain antibiotic-free, but all ingredients in their feed must be certified organic. The minimum amount of outdoor time for organic hens is even greater than their free-range counterparts. Organic certification also means another layer of 3rd part oversight of all aspects of egg-laying facilities and animal welfare.

Pasture-Raised This term is not universally regulated, so look to regional certifying bodies and seals for exact definitions and parameters. Generally, pasture-raised eggs come from hens that enjoy the highest amount of outdoor time and open space, as well as full freedom to enjoy activities such as nesting, perching, and hunting. Certified organic pasture-raised eggs may be the most high quality, traditionally farmed, and naturally raised eggs available in a package.

Grade A The letter grade refers to the cleanliness and shape of the shell, the position of the yolk, and the size of the air bubble inside the shell. Grade A connotes a vibrant and centred yolk, a spotless, round shell, perfectly consistent egg white, and an extremely small air bubble.

Medium, Large, Extra Large, or Jumbo The size refers to a specific weight range. Medium eggs weigh from 49 to 55 grams, large eggs weigh from 56 to 62 grams, extra large eggs weigh from 63 to 69 grams, and jumbo eggs weigh 70 grams or more.

Egg labels 101. BC Egg. (2024, April 18). https://bcegg.com/eggs-101/egg-labels-101/

Glusac, M. (n.d.). Here’s what 10 different egg carton labels really mean. Business Insider. https://www.businessinsider.com/what-different-egg-labels-really-mean-2019-1

Gunst, K. (2021, July 29). How to buy eggs: What do organic, cage-free and free-range labels mean?. EatingWell. https://www.eatingwell.com/article/287495/how-to-buy-eggs-what-do-organic-cage-free-and-free-range-labels-mean/

Jampel, S. (2021, May 3). How to make sense of Egg Carton labels. Bon Appétit. https://www.bonappetit.com/story/how-to-make-sense-of-egg-carton-labels

Stone, K. (2022, June 3). Canadian egg labels: What to eggspect?. Humane Society International. https://www.hsi.org/news-resources/canadian-egg-labels-animal-welfare/

Lead photo by Derick McKinney on Unsplash